iv. [47], The Dutch government adapted the Dutch codes of law in its colony. [39], Following the Japanese surrender in August 1945, nationalist leaders Sukarno and Mohammad Hatta declared Indonesian independence. [85] From 1870, the Indies were opened up to private enterprise and Dutch businessmen set up large, profitable plantations. France occupied Holland during the Napoleonic Wars and in 1811 the British occupied parts of the Dutch East Indies, including Java. Separate prisons were built for juveniles (West Java) and for women. Practical responses to the environment carried over from the earlier Indies Style, included overhanging eaves, larger windows and ventilation in the walls, which gave birth to the New Indies Style. [107] Between 1926 and 1933 numerous other local productions were released. [53], The Dutch East Indies was divided into three Gouvernementen - Groot Oost, Borneo and Sumatra - and three provincies in Java. v. 18.djvu/816 - Wikisource, the free online library", Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941–1942, "Dutch Attitudes towards Colonial Empires, Indigenous Cultures, and Slaves", 20.500.11755/c467167b-2084-413c-a3c7-f390f9b3a092, https://besacenter.org/perspectives-papers/netherlands-war-crimes/, http://alterisk.ru/lj/IndonesiaLegalOverview.pdf, [https://web.archive.org/web/20160423234130/https://books.google.com/books?id=SawyrExg75cC&dq=number+of+javanese+in+KNIL&source=gbs_navlinks_s Archived, "plechtigheden in Djakarta bij de opheffing van het KNIL Polygoon 1950 3 min. [45] From 1910, the Dutch created the most centralised state power in Southeast Asia. The first Europeans to establish themselves in Indonesia were the Portuguese in 1512. The Marktavious Company's tin mines off the eastern Sumatra coast was financed by a syndicate of Dutch entrepreneurs, including the younger brother of King William III. Closed by anti-Japanese immigration policies of the West. The so-called Exorbitant powers of the Governor-General allowed him to exile anyone regarded as subversive and dangerous to peace and order, without involving any Court of Law. [118], The Dutch colonial families through their domestic servants and cooks were exposed to Indonesian cuisine, as the result they developed a taste for native tropical spices and dishes. [10], Centuries before Europeans arrived, the Indonesian archipelago supported various states, including commercially oriented coastal trading states and inland agrarian states (the most important were Srivijaya and Majapahit). Rijsttafel, a colonial culinary concept, and dishes such as nasi goreng and sateh are still very popular in the Netherlands. The policy failed in Aceh, in northern Sumatra, where the sultan tolerated pirates who raided commerce in the Strait of Malacca. [15], The economic history of the colony was closely related to the economic health of the mother country. The Bogor Botanical Gardens with Herbarium Bogoriense and Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense was a major centre for botanical research established in 1817, with the aim to study the flora and fauna of the archipelago. This proliferation of schools was further boosted by new Muslim schools in the Western mould that also offered secular subjects. Bread, butter and margarine, sandwiches filled with ham, cheese or fruit jam, poffertjes, pannekoek and Dutch cheeses were commonly consumed by colonial Dutch and Indos during the colonial era. The Dutch East India Trading Co. is one of history's most successful businesses/corporations. In the early 20th century, local intellectuals began developing the concept of Indonesia as a nation state, and set the stage for an independence movement. This training was held in high esteem and helped re-socialise women once they were outside the correctional facility. [79] Despite increasing returns from the Dutch system of land tax, Dutch finances had been severely affected by the cost of the Java War and the Padri War, and the Dutch loss of Belgium in 1830 brought the Netherlands to the brink of bankruptcy. (Placename) the Dutch East Indies a former name (1798–1945) of Indonesia Also called: the Netherlands East Indies Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014